The STEAM Spot

Amplitude modulation; Amplitude modulation ; Before we approach the term amplitude modulation , we first need to understand what we mean by the term modulation .  the term 'modulation' in electronics is simply a means of manipulating a signal. "Modulation is (electronics) the transmission of a signal by using it to vary a carrier wave; changing the carrier's amplitude, frequency or phase". from this definition it is clear to us that a signal could be Amplitude modulated , Frequency modulated and Phase modulated.       Amplitude modulation simply means varying the amplitude of a signal ( carrier wave/signal) to carry useful information .Amplitude modulation as used in communication is the use of a low frequency audio signal to vary the amplitude of a high frequency signal(carrier signal), so that the resulting signal contains both the Audio signal and the High frequency signal. Tip:       imagine trying to throw a paper to a fa...

  The Solar Resource: The term “Solar Energy” refers to radiant heat and light from the sun. This energy travels over 93 million miles from the sun to the earth. As solar energy travels through the atmosphere to the earth’s surface, not all of the energy reaches the earth’s crust. The following diagram shows how solar energy travels through the atmosphere to the earth where it can be utilised. 

       THE 555 TIMER IC      The 555Timer IC is the most popular IC , it is an IC most electronics hobbyist/ enthusiast encounter . it is commonly used to produce variety of waveform using few external RC network.    The 555Timer gets it name from the facts that there are three internally connected 5kohms resistors , which is used to generate the two  comparator reference voltages( although , the CMOS version uses three 100kohms resistors) . it is a cheap IC and it's used in precision timing device which can act as either a simple timer to generate single pulses or long time delays or as a relaxation oscillator producing a stablized waveform of varying duty cycles (ranging from 50% to 100%). The 555Timer is made up of 8 pins and it appears in a DIP package (Dual- in- line package). The IC can be operated either as  a Monostable , Bistable or Astable multivibrator to produce a variety of timing operations such as pulse gene...

Simple Microphone to Speaker Amplifier Circuit You must have seen someone speaking on the MIC and the amplified voice coming from the speaker, how this is possible? Is there any circuitry between MIC and speaker of we can directly connect Microphone with speaker to get it working? In this circuit, we learn to build a simple Microphone to Speaker system, in which input sound is given to the MIC and we hear the amplified version from the speaker. What is a microphone? The microphone is a transducer device which converts sound energy into electrical energy. Microphones are often referred to a MIC. A microphone is used to capture some sort of sound and produce an electrical signal according to it. How does a microphone work? A microphone has a sensitive component which converts the air pressure variations created by the sound wave into electrical signal. Depending on this component and the method to convert the sound wave into Electrical signal, there are various type microph...

   Phone FM Transmitter Component List: T1 - BC559 Transistor L1 - 4.5 Variable Coil LED - Red LED D1-D4 - 1N4004 Diode C1 - 330pF Capacitor C2 - 470pF Capacitor C3 - 12pF Capacitor C4 - 25pF Capacitor R1 - 12K Resistor R2 - 200 Ohm Resistor R3 - 1K Resistor ANT - 10cm / 4" wire    Technical Specifications: Voltage Supply:  Powered by the telephone line Frequency:  88 to 92MHz Transmission Range:  100m / 300 feet Phone FM Transmitter This Phone FM transmitter connects in series to your telephone line and transmits the telephone conversation over the FM band when you pick up the telephone handset. Transmitted signal can be tuned by any FM receiver. The circuit includes an "On Air" LED indicator and also provides a switch which can be used to turn off the transmitter. A unique feature of the circuit is that no battery is needed to operate the circuit since power is taken from the telep...